A phase 2 study that enrolled children with low grade recurrent or refractory glioma (pLGG) found selumetinib to be effective even in patients with type 1 neurofibromatosis (NF-1)-associated pilocytic astrocytomas (PA) both in tumors BRAF V600E mutated and tumors that were characterized by BRAF-KIAA 1549 fusion [46]. The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is pilocytic astrocytoma.