KLK3 and posterior cortical atrophy: In the past decade, the prostate health index (PHI) has been introduced, which is calculated by using the total PSA (tPSA), fPSA, and a PSA isoform [-2]proPSA (p2PSA), and it outperformed tPSA or fPSA in the diagnosis of PCa and clinically significant PCa (csPCa) in the initial biopsy, as well as in a repeat biopsy [3,4,5,6,7].