EPCAM and lung carcinoma: In line with its application, TCGA and CPTAC data revealed that EpCAM expression was strongly upregulated at both RNA and protein levels in human primary lung cancer compared to normal lung tissues, respectively (Figure 1A,B), which was supported by the qPCR data showing increased EpCAM mRNA level in primary lung tumors compared to their matched normal lung tissues (Figure 1C).