In the Ad-WT treated animals, no significant increase in the CD8+ cells was observed, while in the OAV treated mice, the number of CD3+/CD8+ cells increased about 20-fold in the ipsi- and contralateral tumors and was further elevated if the mice received nivolumab in addition, or were tumor-injected with XVir-N-31-anti-PD-L1 (Figure 6c,d and Supplementary Figure S9). Here, CD274 is linked to neoplasm.