Whilst in vitro the infection of GBM cells with Ad-WT led to the release of small amounts of HMGB1 and YB-1, no HSP70 release was observed (Figure 3a, Supplementary Figure S3A) and in vivo, no staining of HMGB1 and HSP70 was observed neither in the sham treated group of mice nor in the group that received an intratumoral injection of Ad-WT, and neither in the virus-injected nor in contralateral tumors. Here, HMGB1 is linked to infection.