APP and Alzheimer disease: The results of this study suggest that aerobic exercise may enhance the autophagy–lysosomal pathway through the activation of the AdipoR1/AMPK/TFEB signaling pathway in APP/PS1 mice and alleviate autophagy abnormalities, thereby reducing Aβ deposition, inhibiting neural apoptosis and dendritic spine loss, and alleviating cognitive dysfunction in AD (Figure 11).