Targeting GLP-1R expressed on microglia by NLY01 selectively inhibits microglial activation and induction of the reactive astrocyte inducers TNF-α, C1q, and IL-1α, thus protecting both mouse (5xFAD and 3xTg-AD mice) and human neurons in vitro (human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived human cortical neurons) [159]. This evidence concerns the gene GLP1R and Alzheimer disease.