STAT3 and Alzheimer disease: As in the AD group cohort, NES demonstrated that the IFN-γ response set (NES = −2.576, NOM p < 0.001 and FDR q-value < 0.001), TNF-α signaling through NF-κb signaling (ES = −0.451, NES = −1.854, NOM p < 0.001 and FDR q-value < 0.001), IL6-JAK-STAT3 signaling (NES = −2.143, NOM p < 0.001 and FDR q-value < 0.001) and inflammatory response (NES = −1.964, NOM p < 0.001 and FDR q-value < 0.001) were significantly higher in the S. hominis high group (Figure 1f and Figure S1d).