TFAP2B and alcohol dependence: Consistent with this suggestion is the observations that, similar to AP-2β [24, 25], activation of VMAT2 enhances monoaminergic transmission in the synaptic cleft, not to mention that VMAT2 dysregulation results in disorders that are also associated with TFAP2Β, namely depression [110], AD [111], alcoholism [112] and obesity [113, 114].