DME and diabetic retinopathy are both multifactorial diseases that are associated with uncontrolled hyperglycemia in diabetic patients.119 The constant hyperglycemic condition results in abnormal metabolic activity that may increase retinal inflammation resulting in neurodegeneration and disruption of the blood–retinal barriers, promoting diabetic edemas.120 Anti-VEGF drugs are one class of the drugs used to treat retinal edema and prevent the breakdown of the blood–retinal barriers. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and diabetic retinopathy.