Specifically, in lung cancer positive for oncogenic KRAS mutations, a pro-tumorigenic, immunosuppressed TME enriched in pro-tumor M2 macrophages, MDSCs, interleukin (IL)–17-producing T helper (Th)17 cells and CD4+FoxP3+ Treg cells has been found (Cullis et al., 2018). Here, KRAS is linked to lung cancer.