By secreting IL-6, mutant KRAS cancer cells can activate Janus activated kinase 1 (JAK1) to induce the phosphorylation of the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) which is found in immune components such as macrophages of the TME (reviewed in Chonov et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and cancer.