The ongoing studies investigate the outcome and potential biomarkers of metastatic CRC using various immunotherapy-based modalities, including immune checkpoint blockers (ICB) such as PD-1 blockers (e.g., nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, avelumab, durvalumab) and CTLA-4 blockers (e.g., ipilimumab, tremelimumab). Here, CTLA4 is linked to colorectal carcinoma.