On another hand, single-cell RNA-seq analysis from myocardial tissues of MI mice showed that cardiac resident macrophage-derived IRF3-IFN axis provoked the expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-β, and CXCL-10) and inflammatory cell infiltration into myocardium, whereas interruption of IRF3 signaling by IFNAR-neutralizing antibody or genetic deletion of cGAS, STING, or IRF3 reversed these changes (50). Here, IRF3 is linked to myocardial infarction.