NCALD and proximal spinal muscular atrophy: In the present study, to explain the prognostic differences in patients diagnosed with SMA, we investigated the expression levels ofPLS3,PFN2,ZPR1,CORO1C,GTF2H2,NRN1,SERF1A,NCALD,NAIP, andTIA1genes, which we predicted to have modifying effects on the patient and healthy control groups.