To measure the correspondence between changes in chromatin accessibility and changes in gene expression, we used MCF‐7 breast carcinoma cells due to their previously described transcriptional responses to all‐trans retinoic acid (Hua et al, 2009; referred to from here on as retinoic acid) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β; Mahdi et al, 2015). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is breast carcinoma.