Dact1-deficient mice (Suriben et al. 2009; Wen et al. 2010) and patients carrying DACT1 variants (Webb et al. 2017) (Fig. 2, Table 1) show developmental defects that belong to the caudal regression syndrome including caudal vertebrae agenesis, anal atresia, kidney malformations, aberrantly ending ureters, bladder agenesis, and genital anomalies. Here, DACT1 is linked to caudal regression sequence.