PubMed and Google scholar tools were used to retrieve relevant publications by using the following terms: Noonan syndrome, PTPN11, KRAS, SOS1, RAF1, NRAS, BRAF, MEK1, RIT1, SOS2, LZTR1, MRAS, CBL, RRAS, RRAS2, RASA2, SPRED1, growth, growth hormone, GH, GH treatment, puberty, scoliosis, cancer, tumor, brain tumor, MRI, Chiari malformation, dysembryoplastic, pilocytic, medulloblastoma, oligodendroglioma, glioneuronal, astrocytoma, glioma, ependymoma,pulmonary stenosis, and hypertrophic cardiopathy. Here, GH1 is linked to cancer.