AR and benign prostatic hyperplasia: These were initially developed as a substitute for steroidal androgens to treat osteoporosis, partial androgen insensitivity syndrome (PAIS), benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), cachexia, and certain muscular dystrophies, however, due to their ability to target the AR function more specifically in certain tissues with minimal off-target effects, clinical applications of SARMs are being explored as a prospective treatment for PCa, particularly in managing symptoms like decreased muscle mass and reduced bone density in patients undergoing hormonal therapy for PCa (134).