Specifically, Suzuki et al. reported that fluoride treatment of ameloblast-derived cells could increase ROS production through NOX activation, which activate the MAPK/JNK pathway and then upregulate the expression and activity of SIRT1, initiating SIRT1/autophagy adaptive response to help prevent dental fluorosis (Suzuki and Bartlett, 2014; Suzuki et al., 2015). The gene discussed is SIRT1; the disease is dental fluorosis.