PPARA and neoplasm: Boiteux et al. (2009) first reported that the reduced transcription of FABP4 is apparently associated with tumor clinical stage and histological grade in bladder tumors, and they confirmed for the first time that FABP4 expression is mediated by PPAR. These findings suggest that FABP4 may be a potential candidate marker for bladder cancer and that PPAR agonist-induced FABP4 expression may be a potential therapeutic strategy. A long-term follow-up study further corroborated this claim in detail (Mathis et al., 2018).