After APS treatment for 8 weeks, the mRNA expression levels of T1R2, Gα and TRPM5 in the liver of rats in the APS group significantly increased compared with those of rats in the T2DM group (p < 0.05), but no significant differences in the mRNA expression levels of T1R3 was found between rats in T2DM and APS groups. This evidence concerns the gene TAS1R3 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.