PROS1 and cancer: Tumor can be affected by the production of procoagulant factors, including tissue factor (TF), cancer procoagulant proteins, microparticles (MPs), proangiogenic factors, and cytokines, etc. The production and activation of these procoagulant factors further promote tumorigenesis and development, resulting in a chronic hypercoagulable state and an increased incidence of thrombotic events (32).