Consistent with our findings implicating PDPN in glioma malignancy and an association with a mesenchymal phenotype, a model for PDPN in tumor invasion has been proposed in epithelial tumors whereby PDPN was shown to redistribute the membrane cytoskeleton linker ezrin to filopodia-like structures and reduce cell–cell adhesiveness (59). This evidence concerns the gene PDPN and central nervous system cancer.