Flow cytometry (Supplementary Figure S2) and analysis (Figure 3A,B) revealed higher percentages of ‘inflammatory’ monocytes (CD11b+ Ly6C+) and neutrophils (CD11b+ Ly6G+) both in the small intestine and colon of model of emphysema in mice induced by long-term CS exposure compared with control group exposed to normal air (P<0.001). The gene discussed is ITGAM; the disease is pulmonary emphysema.