VCAM1 and diabetic kidney disease: It was reported that IL-1β in the kidney increased in the rodent animal models of DKD, which was associated with increased production of adhesive molecules, such as intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM-1) (Sassy-Prigent et al., 2000; Navarro-Gonzalez et al., 2011).