Functional annotation and enrichment analysis revealed high enrichment of cancer-related gene clusters, including Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways such as “hepatocellular carcinoma”, “prostate cancer.”, and “small cell lung cancer” (Figure 2(c)), indicating luteolin inhibited GM-CSF-induced alveolar macrophage self-renewal. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and hepatocellular carcinoma.