IL1B and schizophrenia: Our major findings showed that: (a) schizophrenia patients showed higher activity of the TLR4/NF-κB/IL-1β signaling pathway but dampened monocytic response to LPS stimulation, as compared to healthy controls; and (b) higher TLR4 levels may contribute to cognitive impairment by possibly affecting the white matter rather than gray matter volume or cortical thickness.