TNFRSF11B and periodontitis: To strengthen the results of this study, more research is needed to determine the effect of nano-emulsion of mangosteen rind extract in a mucoadhesive gingival patch on other markers of periodontitis such as OPG and RANK, and further investigation of other subspecies of mangosteen rind extracts is needed to evaluate the antibacterial activity against periodontopathic bacteria and further application in other products like gels, mouthwashes, and toothpaste that can be formed by using nano-emulsion of mangosteen extract.