Next, we found that beyond the PTT-induced tumor killing, Trojan bacteria under laser could significantly promote the activation of CD8+ T cells (CD45+ CD3+CD8+CD4+) inside the treated GBM, indicating the effective activation of adaptive antitumor immunity compared to other treatment groups (Supplementary Fig. 16 and Fig. 6j), which was in agreement with the previous reports33, 55. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is glioblastoma.