A large cohort of hTS/Men1–/– (n = 61) and Men1–/– (n = 68) as well as hTS/Men1+/– (n = 25) and Men1+/– (n = 24) mice were followed until death or when mice were required to be euthanized owing to symptoms of tumor burden per IACUC guidelines. Here, APCDD1 is linked to neoplasm.