For the present study we employed the pancreatic cancer cell lines MIA PaCa-2, frequently used to study KRAS G12C biology, AsPC1 a KRAS G12D mutated cell line and the tumorigenic BxPC-3 cells that shows epithelial morphology and moderate differentiation, but is unique in lacking a KRAS mutation [33]. Here, KRAS is linked to familial pancreatic carcinoma.