Furthermore, as previously described, the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway regulates cancer stem cell properties, which were validated by our results that blockage of the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway by LY294002 and Nrf2 silence also suppressed GSC signatures (CD133, OCT4, and Nanog) (Figures 6(h) and 6(i)) in the GBM cells treated with M2-CM. This evidence concerns the gene POU5F1 and cancer.