TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Similar to other neurodegenerative diseases, autophagy dysfunction is involved in ALS pathogenesis [21]; specifically, ALS is characterized by the accumulation of cytoplasmic inclusions and misfolded proteins, such as sequestosome (p62) and TARDBP/TDP-43 (TAR DNA-binding protein) in the motor neurons and/or neuroglia [22–24].