We found 24 ISGs (RSAD2, IFIT3, APOBEC3A, IFIT2, PARP9, DTX3L, PLSCR1, IFI35, ISG15, CMPK2, HERC5, GBP1, IFI27, STAT1, MX1, IRF7, OAS1, OAS2, OAS3, OASL, IFIH1, SIGLEC1, LGALS9 and BST2) which were significantly associated with SLE disease activity (Figures 6A,B, Supplementary Figure S3). Here, DTX3L is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.