Further, an association was shown between GBM expression of IL1β, IL6, and IL8 and overall survival and disease-free survival [(hazard ratios for increased expression range from 1.1 to 1.4 (overall survival) and 1.3 to 1.8 (disease-free survival, respectively)] (Figures 6A, B) (Supplementary Figures S1C, D; S2G, H). Here, CXCL8 is linked to glioblastoma.