Intraperitoneal administration of TA can upregulate Nrf2, which activates antioxidant enzymes, including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), in animal models of traumatic brain injury and nephrotoxicity (Jin et al. 2020; Salman et al. 2020). The gene discussed is HMOX1; the disease is brain injury.