When lower concentrations of TNFα were used (for example 2 ng/ml), only a slight increase in secreted IL8 levels was detected compared to untreated cells, so higher TNFα concentrations were necessary in order to be able to describe this particular in vitro model and compare our findings with the findings determined in the bladders of patients with IC/BPS. The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is Bartsocas-Papas syndrome 1.