Since the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in cigarette smoke (CS)-induced pulmonary inflammation is not well-established in vivo, we analyzed the impact of Nlrp3 deficiency using first a subchronic models of mouse CS-exposure during 6 weeks which leads to pulmonary inflammation, in comparison to chronic model of 12 weeks often used to induce experimental COPD in mice. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.