In addition, after TAC surgery, Masson staining showed that SAC administration triggered decrease in peri-vascular collagenous fiber deposition along with reduction in colocalization of α-SMA and CD31 immunofluorescent signal in the heart, but these effects were lost in AAV-Pfkfb3(High) mice (Fig. 8d). The gene discussed is PFKFB3; the disease is persistent truncus arteriosus.