SESN2 and urinary bladder carcinoma: Our recent studies have shown that autophagic responses mediated by Sestrin 2 (SESN2) following anti-cancer compounds ISO or ChlA-F treatment mainly results in autophagic inhibition of human bladder cancer cell growth [9, 58], whereas ATG7-mediated autophagic responses promote growth and invasion of human bladder cancer cells [59, 60].