There was a significant difference in the ratio between plasma and serum PAI-1 comparing T2D patients 0.13±0.056 or obese non-diabetic control subjects 0.12±0.041 to lean control subjects 0.025±0.019 (P˂0.001 and P = 0.003 respectively) shown in Fig 2. This evidence concerns the gene SERPINE1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.