MIF and Patent ductus arteriosus: Among the 25 preterm neonates born at <34 weeks of gestation, MIF was not statistically significantly different according to RDS (yes: 7494.4 ± 6026.3 vs no: 8073.7 ± 6722.1 pg/mL, P = .954), PDA (yes: 10,324 ± 7698.5 vs no: 6796.0 ± 5514.3 pg/mL, P = .064), IVH (yes: 10,188.1 ± 8234.3 vs no: 7690.9 ± 6107.1 pg/mL, P = .406), neonatal jaundice (yes: 6419.2 ± 4378.9 vs no: 8551.9 ± 7143.5 pg/mL, P = .568), sepsis (yes: 9862.3 ± 7605.4 vs no: 7053.9 ± 5750.1 pg/mL, P = .152), or BPD (yes: 12,423.7 ± 9615.5 vs no: 7380.7 ± 5942.9 pg/mL, P = .132, Table 3).