For instance, Feruglio et al tried to investigate biomarkers to monitor effective anti-TB treatment and found the level of expression of HLA-DR/CD38 and PD-1/CD38 on both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were significantly reduced after anti-TB treatment whereas the level of proliferation and cytokine production did not differ after anti-TB treatment [26]. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is tuberculosis.