SOX9 and melanoma: Intriguingly, expression of many of the NC-specific lineage genes including SOX10, SOX2, SOX5, and FOXD3 (31) were significantly downregulated in 8 of the 15 melanoma cell lines belonging to group 1 (FDR < 0.05) while the only upregulated gene in these samples was SOX9 although not reaching significance (Figure 2D).