In addition, the rapid decrease in gene expression of cancer testis antigens (CTAs31) was more marked in responders (Extended Data Fig. 2g), further supporting a rapid evolution toward a reduced tumor-related signature consistent with the negative correlation in DLBCL between tumor-infiltrating immune cell signature and B cell signature (for example, CD19, MS4A1, CD79A and CD79B)32. Here, MS4A1 is linked to neoplasm.