Although the exact mechanism by which NewStar2 mitigates AD neuropathology remains to be determined, we speculate that NewStar2 is able to drastically reduce plaque deposition through a combination of decreased Aβ production due to lower BACE-1 levels and increased Aβ clearance due to higher astrocytic and microglial phagocytic activity. This evidence concerns the gene BACE1 and Alzheimer disease.