We analyzed the expression levels of NSE in the serum of the rats from the sham and meningitis groups, and a significant increase in NSE expression levels was detected in the serum of the rats from 4 up to 72 h of pneumococcal infection (Fig. 7F to H), indicating that enhanced neuronal damage has occurred in parallel with the increase of neuroinflammation in the case of an impaired glymphatic system's functionality during pneumococcal meningitis. Here, ENO2 is linked to infectious meningitis.