Our group found that the delivery of miR-182-5p and miR-23a-3p via MSC-derived exosomes into LPS-treated MLE-12 cells improved LPS-stimulated ALI and inhibited the NF-kB and hedgehog signaling pathways by silencing Ikbkb and IKKβ, thereby ameliorating the progression of LPS-stimulated ALI and pulmonary fibrosis (Xiao et al., 2020). Here, NFKB1 is linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome.