AKT1 and malignant glioma: Many studies have demonstrated dysregulation in the PI3K-AKT pathway in cervical cancer, breast cancer, malignant glioma, and other cancers (Lee et al., 2015; Guerrero-Zotano, 2016; Mayer and Arteaga; Li et al., 2016), thus suggesting that the PI3K-AKT pathway may be an important contributor to the oncogenic PABC phenotype.