PNPLA3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: For example, as both the phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) and transmembrane 6 superfamily 2 (TM6SF2) regulate VLDL particle production, the genetic polymorphism can result in increased intrahepatic triglyceride (TG) with increased risk of NAFLD, but reduced circulatory cholesterol and LDL which lends protection against coronary artery disease (CAD) (Liu et al., 2017; Simons et al., 2017).