It has been reported that clinical patients with COPD usually show elevated IL-6, IL-17, and other Th17-related cytokines in serum [25, 26]; there are differences in Treg cell distribution in lung compartments, and TGF-β and IL-10 showed decreased concentrations [27, 28]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.